Tuesday, July 2, 2013

Stainless Steel Grade 15-5 PH (UNS S15500)

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Introduction

Stainless steel 15 - 5 PH, also known as XM-12 or UNS S15500, is a modification of 17-4 PH developed in the 1960s. It has a more refined microstructure obtained through the remelting process. This refined structure improves toughness of the material. UNS S15500 also has low temperature hardening, good fabrication properties and excellent corrosion resistance, which makes it suitable for many industries. It can be machined in the solution-annealed state or in final heat treat condition. The strength and ductility of UNS S15500 can be enhanced through heating the material at different temperatures.

UNS S15500 is a martensitic precipitation hardening type stainless steel. Martensitic stainless steels were designed to be corrosion resistant and hardened through heat treatment.

Chemical Composition
The chemical composition of Grade 15-5 PH stainless steel is outlined in the following table.
Element
Content (%)
Iron, Fe
75
Chromium, Cr
14.48
Nickel, Ni
4.5
Copper, Cu
3.5
Manganese, Mn
≤1
Silicon, Si
≤1
Nb + Ta
0.3
Carbon, C
≤0.07
Phosphorous, P
≤0.04
Sulfur, S
≤0.03


Mechanical properties
The mechanical properties of Grade 15-5 PH stainless steel are displayed in the following table
Properties
Metric
Imperial
Tensile Strength
1380 MPa
200000 psi
Yield Strength
1275 MPa
184900 psi
Modulus of Elasticity
200 GPa
29000 ksi
Elongation at Break
10%
10%
Hardness, Brinell
420
420
Hardness, Knoop
451
451
Hardness, Rockwell B
104
104
Hardness, Rockewell C
44.2
44.2
Hardness, Vickers
445
445
Charpy Impact
10 J
7.38 ft.lb


Manufacturing process
UNS S15500 can be machined under any of the attainable conditions. Firstly, the alloy is mildly formed in the overaged condition. It is then welded using welding techniques such as shielded fusion or resistance methods. The material is heat treated at 1038°C (1900°F) for 1/2 h, and then air cooled. This process is followed by hot-working the material and annealing at 1038°C (1900°F) for 1 h. Finally, the alloy can be cold-worked to improve its yield strength.

Applications
The following are some of the major applications of Grade 15-5 PH stainless steel:
Marine gas turbine compressor sections
Hallow shafts
Paper mill equipment
Engine parts
Aircraft components
Gears
Fittings and fasteners
Nuclear reactor components 

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